GB/T 51403-2021 生活垃圾卫生填埋场防渗系统工程技术标准

UDC 中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 51403一2021
生活垃圾卫生填埋场防渗系统工程技术标准
Technical standard for liner system of municipal solid wastesaultary landfill
2021一04一09 发布 2021一10一01 实施
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部国家市场监督管理总局 联合发布

根据住房和城乡建设部 《关于印发 <2011年工程建设标准规范制订、修订计划的通知》(建标 [2011」17号)的要求，标准编制组经广泛调查研究，认真总结实践经验，参考有关国际标准和国外先进标准，并在广泛征求意见的基础上，编制了本标准。
本标准的主要技术内容是:1总则;2术语;3防渗系统工程材料;4防渗系统设计;5防渗系统工程施工质量控制及验收;6防渗系统工程维护。

目 次
1 总则 ·······························································…… 1
2 术语 ·······························································…… 2
3 防渗系统工程材料·······························..............……4
3.1 一般规定 ······················································…… 4
3.2高密度聚乙烯土工膜·······································...…… 4
3.3 膨润土防水毯 ················································…… 5
3.4 土工布和土工滤网 ··········································…… 6
3.5 土工排水网 ········································。··········…… 6
3.6高密度聚乙烯管材 ···································.......…… 6
4 防渗系统设计 ··············································.....…… 8
4.1 一般规定 ······················································…… 8
4.2 防渗系统 ······················································…… 8
4.3 基础层 ························································…… ‘9
4.4 防渗层 ······················································… … 10
4.5 渗沥液收集导排系统 ·······································…… n
4.6 地下水收集导排系统 ·······································…… 12
4.7渗沥液调节池防渗 ··········································…… 13
5 防渗系统工程施工质量控制及验收························…… 14
5.1 一般规定 ···················································…… 14
5.2 基础层施工 ···················································…… 14
5.3压实戮土防渗层施工 ·······································…… 15
5.4 高密度聚乙烯土工膜铺设 ·································…… 15
5.5 土工布铺设···················································…… 17
5.6 膨润土防水毯铺设 ··········································…… 17
5.7 土工复合排水网施工 ·······································…… 18
5.8 防渗系统工程材料连接 ····································…… 19
5.9 局部工程施工 ················································…… 20
5.10 防渗系统工程验收··········································…… 21
6 防渗系统工程维护·············································……23
附录A 高密度聚乙烯土工膜铺设施工记录 ···············…… 24
附录B 高密度聚乙烯土工膜试样焊接记录 ···············…… 25
附录C 气压、真空和破坏性检测及电火花测试方法 ···…… 28
附录D 高密度聚乙烯土工膜施工工序质量检查评定 ···…… 30
本标准用词说明···················································……31
引用标准名录 ······················································……32
附:条文说明 ······················································…… 33

1 总 则
1.0.1 为保证生活垃圾卫生填埋场 (以下简称 “垃圾填埋场”)防渗系统工程的可靠性和安全性，防止垃圾渗沥液渗漏对周围环境造成污染，制定本标准。
1.0.2 本标准适用于新建、扩建和改建的垃圾填埋场防渗系统工程的设计、施工、验收及维护。
1.0.3 垃圾填埋场防渗系统工程的设计、施工、验收及维护除应符合本标准外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2 术 语
2.0.1 防渗系统 liner system
在填埋库区和调节池底部及四周边坡上为构筑渗沥液防渗屏障所选用的各种材料组成的体系。
2.0.2 防渗系统衬里结构 liner structure
防渗系统各种材料组成的空间层次，包括基础层、防渗层及其保护层、渗沥液导排系统以及地下水导排系统。按防渗层类型可分为钻土衬里结构和人工合成衬里结构。
2.0.3 基础层 liner foundation
防渗材料的基础，分为场底基础层和四周边坡基础层。
2.0.4 防渗层 sealing liner
在防渗系统中，为构筑渗沥液防渗屏障所选用的各种材料的组合 。
2.0.5 渗沥液收集导排系统 leachate collection and removal system
在填埋库 区防渗系统上部，用于将渗沥液汇集和导出的设施 。
2.0.6 地下水收集导排系统 groundwater collection and removal system
在防渗系统下部，用于收集和导排地下水的设施。
2.0.7 渗沥液检测层 leachate detection layer
用于检测垃圾填埋场双层防渗系统可靠性的材料层。
2.0.8 防渗系统工程材料 liner system engineering material
用于防渗系统工程的各种材料的总称，包括高密度聚乙烯(HDPE) 土工膜、钠基膨润土防水毯 (GCL) 、土工布、土工复合排水网、土工滤网、卵石、高密度聚乙烯 (HDP E) 管道、高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE) 管件、高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE) 球阀等。
2.0.9 导排层渗沥液水头 leachate head
以导排层底面为基准面，导排层内渗沥液最大压力对应的水头。
2.0.10 单层防渗结构 single liner structure
由一种防渗系统工程材料与基础层构成的防渗结构。
2.0.11 单层复合防渗结构 single layer composite liner
由2种或2种以上防渗材料紧密衔接构成的防渗结构。
2.0.12 双层防渗结构 double liner structure
由2层防渗层组成，且 2层之间设置渗漏检测层 的防渗结构 。

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