SHI 中华人民共和国石油化工行业标准 SH/T3226-2024 石油化工过程风险定量分析标准 Standard for quantitative analysis of petrochemical process risk 2024-03-29发布 2024-10-01实施 中华人民共和国工业和信息化部 发布
SH/T 目次 前言.. 1范围 2规范性引用文件.
3术语和定义.. 4基本规定. 4.1一般规定 4 4.2定量风险评估工作内容要求， 5 5资料数据收集.
6 5.1 一般规定 6 5.2 人员数据 7 5.3 自然条件资料 5.4 点火源 5.5 人员集中建筑物数据 .8 6危险识别与泄漏单元确定， 9 6.1 危险因素识别 6 6.2 危险识别方法.
6 6.3 分析对象 9 6.4 泄漏单元划分 01 风险场景确定和频率.
01 7.1 般规定 01 7.2 装置泄漏单元风险场景， 10 7.3 长管道风险场景， 13 7.4 泵和压缩机风险场景， 13 7.5 常压储罐风险场景 13 7.6 压力储罐风险场景.. 14 7.7 气柜风险场景 14 7.8 公路槽车、铁路槽车和船舶装卸设施 .14 公路槽车、铁路槽车和船舶.. .14 7.10 危险化学品公路和铁路厂内运输线 .14 7.11LNG工厂及LNG接收站风险场景. .14 7.12危险化学品储存仓库 14 8事件概率 15 8.1点火概率计算 15 8.2危险物料释放事件树与结果发生概率 15 9安全措施风险消减作用， 19 9.1 般规定、 61 9.2 围堤（防火堤、隔堤、围堰） 19 9.3 泄漏切断系统， 19 9.4 限制过流系统 20 9.5 装卸过程中操作人员现场切断， 20 9.6 气体泄漏蒸发扩散减缓系统、 20 9.7 火灾爆炸减缓系统， 20 8'6 自动紧急泄压系统.
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SH/T 3226-2024 9.9过程安全管理水平 21 10后果评估.. 21 10.1一般规定 21 10.2 泄漏与释放.
21 10.3 气云扩散， 25 10.4 火灾分析， 27 10.5 爆炸分析 27 11 暴露影响与风险分析.
31 11.1 暴露下死亡概率计算 31 11.2 毒性气体影响 31 11.3 热辐射影响， 33 11.4 爆炸冲击影响 34 11.5 致死概率分析.
34 11.6 多米诺影响分析， 35 11.7 风险分析 35 12 风险控制标准与风险敏感性分析.
36 12.1 毒性物质影响... 36 12.2 火灾热辐射影响阅值 36 12.3 LSIR与社会风险， .37 12.4 厂区内的风险控制 37 12.5 厂区内人员集中建筑物风险控制标准 12.6 风险敏感性分析 附录A（资料性附录）定量风险评估基本程序 .39 附录B（资料性附录）ALARP原则.
40 附录C（规范性附录）主要工艺设备的通用泄漏频率 41 附录D（规范性附录）CAS确定方法. 57 附录E（资料性附录）点火概率计算方法、 .59 附录F（资料性附录）危险物料基本事件树和事件树详细事件分析 72 附录G（资料性附录）后果分析经验模型 76 附录H（资料性附录）部分物质的毒性、燃烧性和爆炸性属性数据 118 附录J（资料性附录）设备、设施与结构热响应 125 附录K（资料性附录）超压对工艺设备的损伤影响 126 附录L（资料性附录）建筑超压致死概率曲线 128 附录M（资料性附录）多米诺影响阅值. 129 参考文献 129 附：条文说明. 129
SH/T ******* Contents Preface.. Scope. 2 Normative references. Terms and definitions . 4 Basic regulation.. 4 4.1 General requirement. 4.2 Content requirement of quantitative risk assessment. 5 Data collection.. .6 5.1 General requirement. 6 5.2 Personnel data. 7 5.3 Natural condition data 5.4 Ignition source. 7 5.5 Data of buildings with concentrated population 8 Hazard identification and determination of leakage segment . .9 6.1 Hazard identification. 6 6.2 Hazard identification method. 9 6.3 Analysis object. .9 6.4 Division of leakage unit. 01” Risk scenario identification and frequency. 01 7.1 General requirement. 01 7.2 Risk scenarioof leakage segment of processmodule .10 7.3 Risk scenario of long pipeline 13 7.4 Risk scenario of pump and pressor. ..13 7.5 Risk scenario of atmospheric storage tank. .13 7.6 Risk scenario of pressurized storage tank 14 7.7 Risk scenario of gas holder. ..14 7.8 Loading and unloading facilities of road tanker railway tanker and ship. .14 Road tanker railway tanker and ship. 14 7.10 Road and railway in plant transport lines for hazardous chemicals .14 7.11 Risk scenario of LNG plant and LNG terminal. 14 7.12 Hazardous chemical storage warehouse... .14 Event probability. 15 8.1 Calculation of ignition probability 15 8.2 Hazardous material release event tree and result probability 15 9Risk reduction effect of safety measure. 19 9.1 General requrement. 19 9.2 Cofferdam (fire dike partition dike cofferdam) .19 9.3 Leakage cut off system... .19 9.4 Limiting overcurent system.. .20 9.5 Operators cut off on site during loading and unloading. .20 9.6 Gas leakage evaporation and diffusion mitigation system. .20 9.7 Fire and explosion mitigation system. .20 8′6 Automatic emergency pressure relief system. .20 9.9 Process safety management leve.. 21 10 Consequence assessment. 21 101 General requirement. 21 10.2 Leakage and release.. .21 10.3 Gas cloud diffusion. .25 10.4 Fire analysis. 27 10.5 Explosion analysis. 27 11 Exposure impact and risk analysis. .31 11.1 Calculation of death probability under exposure... 31
SH/T 3226-2024 11.2 Toxic gas effect... 31 11.3 Thermal radiation effect. .33 11.4 Explosion shock Impact.... .34 11.5 Lethal probability analysis... .34 11.6 Domino impact analysis.. 35 11.7 Risk analysis. .35 12 Risk control standard and risk sensitivity analysis. .36 12.1 Effect of toxic substance.. .36 12.2 Fire thermal radiation impact threshold. 36 12.3 LSIR and social risk. 37 12.4 Risk control in the plant. 37 12.5 Risk control standard for buildings with concentrated population in the Plant. .38 12.6 Risk sensitivity analysis.. Appendix A （Informative） Basic procedures of quantitative risk assessment. .39 Appendix B (Informative) ALARP principle 40 Appendix C (Normative ) General leakage frequency of main process equipment. 41 Appendix D（Informative） CAS determination method. 57 Appendix E (Informative） Calculation method of ignition probability .59 Appendix F ( Informative) Basic event tree and event tree detailed event analysis of hazardous materials .72 Appendix G ( Informative) Empirical model of consequence analysis. .76 Appendix H ( Informative) Toxicity flammability and explosiveness attribute data of some substances..118 Appendix J (Informative ） Thermal response of cquipment fcilities and structures.. 125 Appendix K ( Informative) Damage effect of overpressure on process equipment . ...126 Appendix L(Informative) Lethal probability curve of building overpressure.. ..1.28 Appendix xM (Informative)）Domino influence threshold ..129 Bibliography.... .129 Addition: Explanation of provisions... ..129 IV
