打造碳排放达峰、空气质量达标、经济 高质量增长协同“三达”城市： “三达”行动指南与深圳经验 AchievingTriple Goals ofPeaking CarbonEmissions ImprovingAir Quality and PromotingEconomic DevelopmentattheCityLevel ActionguideandShenzhenexperience 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） 2021年12月
本报告由能源基金会 “推动深圳绿色低碳可持续发展系列研究” 项目资助（项目编号：G-1911-30633） 特别鸣谢 国家应对气候变化战略研究和国际合作中心 深圳市城市发展研究中心 深圳市环境科学研究院 北京大学深圳研究生院 深圳市建筑科学研究院股份有限公司 深圳市都市交通规划设计研究院有限公司 劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室中国能源组
编写单位 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） Research Institute Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 资助单位 能源基金会 Funding Organisation Energy Foundation 唐杰 深圳市原副市长 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）教授、博导 项目总负责 TANG Jie Former Vice Mayor of Shenzhen Professor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 王东 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）教授、博导 深圳市应对气候变化研究中心主任 项目总协调 Project Coordinator WANG Dong Professor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Director of Shenzhen Research Center on Climate Change 蒋晶晶 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）副教授、博导 深圳市应对气候变化研究中心副主任 项目主持人 Project Executive JANG Jingjing Associate Professor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Vice Director of Shenzhen Research Center on Climate Change 计军平 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）副教授 buidunrIr Associate Professor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 刘俊伶 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）助理教授 LIU Junling Assistant Postdoctor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 路海艳 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）助理教授 LU Haiyan Assistant Postdoctor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 项目组成员 刘丝雨 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）博士后 Team Members LIU Siyu Postdoctor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 曾元 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）博士后 ZENG Yuan Postdoctor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 夏葛佑 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）博士后 XIA Changyou Postdoctor of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 李珏 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）博士生 LI Jue Doctoral Student of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 廖世明 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）博士生 LIAO Shiming Doctoral Student of Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
摘要 中国的城镇化速度和规模史无前例.
城镇化建设推动了国民经济持续快 速发展，带来了社会结构深刻变革，促进了城乡居民生活水平全面提升，取得 的成就举世瞩目.
然而，粗放的城镇化模式也对中国的生态环境造成了冲击.
未来中国的城镇化必须走集约高效、绿色低碳之路.
中国政府已经认识到全面 提高城镇化质量的必要性，决心趋利避害，积极稳妥扎实有序地推进城镇化， 并于2014年4月出台了《国家新型城镇化规划（2014-2020）》，提出“以 人为本，公平共享；优化布局，集约高效；生态文明，绿色低碳；文化传承， 彰显特色”等指导原则，为城市发展走绿色低碳之路提供了政策依据.
近年 来，很多中国城市都开始积极响应政府号召举起了绿色低碳发展的旗帜，众多 城市开始积极探索与实践“生态城市”、“低碳城市”、“宜居城市”、“智 慧城市”、“健康城市”等创新模式.
但是，人们对绿色低碳城市的理解常存 在一些误区和盲点，评判标准会忽视或遗漏一些要素，绿色低碳目标与行动之 间有时存在差距.
近10年来，深圳在经济高质量增长的同时，实现了碳排放达峰和空气质 量达标，生态环境质量得到明显改善，初步探索出了一条经济社会和生态环境 协同共进的发展道路.
因此，对深圳碳排放达峰、空气质量达标、经济高质量 增长的协同“三达”经验进行全面归纳、总结，探索在其他城市（尤其是大 型、超大型城市）可复制、可操作、可推广的协同治理模式，具有非常重要的 意义.
基于对于深圳经验的总结，我们提出了关于低碳城市建设（更具体地， 打造“三达”城市）的15项原则，并归纳为六大模块进行呈现，包括城市空间 形态、产业与工业、市政基础设施、交通、建筑以及城市治理.
我们希望这份 指南可起到指南针的作用，可以引导每个城市根据其自身特点进行关于“三 达”城市建设的详细规划.
Abstract China’s urbanization is unprecedented in speed and scale. Urbanization construction has promoted the sustained and rapid development of national economy brought about profound changes in social structure promoted the overall improvement of living standards of urban and rural residents and achieved remarkable achievements which attract worldwide attention. However the extensive urbanization model has also negatively impacted China’s ecological environment. China’s urbanization in the future must follow the road of intensive efficient green and low-carbon. The Chinese government has recognized the necessity of prehensively improving the quality of urbanization and is determined to pursue advantages and avoid disadvantages and actively steadily and orderly promote urbanization. In April 2014 the Chinese government issued the National New Urbanization Plan (2014-2020) which put forward the guiding principles of *People-Oriented Fair and Shared; Optimized Layout Intensive and Efficient; Ecological Civilization Green and Low-carbon; Cultural Inheritance Highlighting Characteristics" and other guiding principles providing policy basis for urban development following the green and low-carbon road. In recent years many cities in China have responded positively to the government’s call to raise the banner of grcen and low-carbon development and many cities have begun to actively explore and practice innovative modes such as “Ecological City" *"Low-Carbon City "and “Smart City". However there are often some misunderstandings and blind spots in people’s understanding of green and low-carbon cities some elements in the judgment standards may be ignored or omitted and there is sometimes a gap between goals and actions of the green and low-carbon. In recent 10 years Shenzhen has achieved carbon emission peaking and air quality standard attainment and its ecological environment quality has been obviously improved while achieving high-quality economic growth preliminarily exploring a development road of collaborative enhancement of economic society and ccological environment. Therefore it is of great significance to prehensively sum up summarize the experience of achieving triple goals of carbon emission peaking air quality standard attainment and economic prosperity and cxplore the replicable operable and propagable collaborative govermance mode in other cities (especially large and super-large cities). Based on the summary of Shenzhen’s experience we put forward 15 principles for low-carbon city construction (more specifically to build “Achieving Triple Goals of Carbon Emission Peaking Air Quality Standard Atainment and Economic Prosperity (ATG)° cities) and summarized them into six modules to present including urban spatial form trade and industry municipal infrastructure transportation architecture and urban governance. We hope this guide will serve as a pass to guide each city to make detailed planning for the construction of “Achieving Triple Goals of Carbon Emission Peaking Air Quality Standard Attainment and Economic Prosperity (ATG)" cities according to its own characteristics.
